11/6/2023 0 Comments Gamete donorThe implications of the choice of donor type such as possible ethical dilemmas and potential long-term psychological and social effects for the recipients themselves, the donor-conceived offspring, the donor, and the relationship among these stakeholders are subject of an ongoing debate ( McWhinnie, 2001 de Melo-Martín, 2014 Freeman et al., 2014 Golombok et al., 2017 Pennings, 2021).Īlong with a growing recognition of the rights of donor-conceived children to know their genetic parentage, donor anonymity has been coming under increasing scrutiny in a growing number of jurisdictions since the 1980s ( Allan, 2018). An identity-release donor is one whose identifying information will be released to the (adult) child upon request. An anonymous donor is one whose identity is not known to the recipient-such as in the case of a sperm donation via a sperm bank in a country with mandatory donor anonymity, where only non-identifiable information is passed on to the recipients. A known donor, as the name suggests, is known to the recipient at the time of treatment, such as in the case of oocyte donation by a sister of the recipient. However, such a decision would also lead them to make important choices around areas such as the donor type, that is, whether to use a known, anonymous, or identity-release donor. This review identified possible directions for future investigations on motives for donor anonymity: the need for more thorough inquiries into the change in recipients’ preferences over time, such as in the form of longitudinal studies and research on the perspective of non-biological parents.Ĭhoosing to conceive a child through a sperm or oocyte donation is a significant decision for aspiring parents to make in their quest for parenthood. It is a fruitful approach that can be refined further and applied in future research. Interpreting recipients’ motives and experiences concerning donor anonymity as a form of ignorance directed toward particular stakeholders helps reframe the discourse on donor anonymity. Donor anonymity was identified as a eufunctional form of ignorance, by which the recipients experienced or intended to control, regulate, or protect inter-stakeholder relations. A total of 22 categories of motives and experiences of recipients concerning donor anonymity were identified inductively and grouped into five main categories. The 53 studies selected showed a diverse spectrum of characteristics concerning date and country of study, methodology, family type of participants, sample size, and the timing of data collection in relation to the stage of treatment. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative content analysis and was informed by sociological functionalist theorizations of ignorance. The characteristics and quality of the studies included in this review were reported. This review was conducted following a seven-step approach for systematic reviews of empirical bioethics literature. This review aims to carve out the full spectrum of recipients’ motives and experiences related to donor anonymity which could serve as an analytical framework for future ethical and sociological research on issues of donor anonymity. In light of the growing recognition of donor-conceived children’s right to know their genetic parentage, this entails profound ethical implications. The decision to use an anonymous gamete donation in fertility treatment could have significant long-term psychological and social effects for all stakeholders involved. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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